Illustration: Viktor Koen for Newsweek
By Cathy Lu
Glen Zabriskie’s three sons like to watch DVDs, play games and catch some of their favorite PBS shows on the aging televisions scattered throughout their Salt Lake City home. But in a little less than a year, they, along with millions of Americans, could find themselves looking at screens full of snow when they try to tune in to their favorite programs.
On Feb. 17, 2009, television stations across the country will stop transmitting analog signals over the air and start broadcasting exclusively in digital, a bandwidth-saving technology that sends crisper pictures and sound. Preparations for the transition are already underway.
The good news is that the majority of couch potatoes will be unaffected when the switchover occurs. If you receive programming via cable or satellite, you can relax. According to the National Cable and Telecommunications Association, most cable operators will continue to transmit both digital and analog signals to customers (your existing cable box will function normally). You’re also all set if you already receive digital or high-definition television over the air through a newer TV.
But if your set lacks a digital (or ATSC) tuner—and you get reception through rabbit ears—you may not have “House” in your house come February. Nielsen Media Research estimates that more than 13 million homes (about 10 percent of households) receive analog broadcasts exclusively via an antenna, while an additional 6 million homes have at least one TV that would stop working after the switch (the National Association of Broadcasters puts these numbers even higher.
Generally speaking, says Jonathan Collegio, the NAB’s VP for digital-television transition, sets purchased before 2002 probably don’t have a digital tuner while most televisions bought in the past year should; TVs purchased between 2002 and 2006 are a gray area, though the larger the screen, the more likely it is to be equipped. If you don’t know whether your television has an ATSC tuner, check your manual or look up your model on the manufacturer’s Web site.
If your TV is outmoded, you have three options: subscribe to a cable or satellite provider, upgrade that old Zenith to a set that has a digital tuner or purchase a DTV converter box, which allows digital signals to be displayed on analog sets. Converter boxes are available at retailers like Wal-Mart, RadioShack and Best Buy, and will range from $40 to $70. For a list of approved boxes, go to ntiadtv.gov/cecb_list.cfm.
If you choose the third option, the government will subsidize the purchase by doling out two $40 coupons per household (you can use only one coupon per box). Coupons started shipping in late February, and more than 6.6 million have been requested (to apply, visit dtv2009.gov). If you apply today, you’re not likely to receive your coupons until May, which is about the amount of time it will take to get through the backlog of requests. In the future, the turnaround time will be approximately three weeks.
The government has allocated enough funding to honor 33.5 million coupons. Since the coupons expire 90 days after they’re mailed, wait until you actually plan on buying the box before applying. There’s another advantage to being less zealous: more boxes should be available this summer (including a $40 model from EchoStar), and you could see price drops.
Most important, make sure you’re aware of your choices before hitting the stores. According to the U.S. Public Interest Research Group (PIRG), many clerks are ill-prepared to answer questions about the switchover. Last fall the organization sent secret shoppers into 132 Wal-Mart, RadioShack, Circuit City, Best Buy and Target stores, and found that sales clerks did everything from misinform consumers about converter boxes to trying to sell them new TVs.
“What we found is that salespeople were woefully unprepared to give good, accurate information to shoppers,” says Steve Blackledge, senior policy analyst for CALPIRG, the California arm of the U.S. PIRG. So it’s essential that consumers do research ahead of time (sites like dtv.gov, dtvanswers.com and dtvtransition.org are good sources). Whether you use the switch to digital as an excuse to finally splurge on a big flat-panel, or opt for one of the cheaper options, crisper viewing is in your future.